{"id":43825,"date":"2021-05-29T11:00:58","date_gmt":"2021-05-29T18:00:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.politicsplus.org\/blog\/?p=43825"},"modified":"2021-05-29T11:00:58","modified_gmt":"2021-05-29T18:00:58","slug":"everyday-erinyes-268","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.politicsplus.org\/blog\/2021\/05\/29\/everyday-erinyes-268\/","title":{"rendered":"Everyday Erinyes #268"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Experts in autocracies have pointed out that it is, unfortunately, easy to slip into normalizing the tyrant, hence it is important to hang on to outrage. These incidents which seem to call for the efforts of the Greek Furies (Erinyes) to come and deal with them will, I hope, help with that. As a reminder, though no one really knows how many there were supposed to be, the three names we have are <strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">Alecto<\/span><\/strong>, <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>Megaera<\/strong><\/span>, and <strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">Tisiphone<\/span><\/strong>. These roughly translate as &#8220;unceasing,&#8221; &#8220;grudging,&#8221; and &#8220;vengeful destruction.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>As the climate continues to change without regard to stupid humans who continue to do things which will accelerate that change ans, if we don&#8217;t stop, ensure out own extenction, those of us who can see what it going on have to be more determined, and smarter, at coming up with\u00a0 ways to stop and, if possible, even reverse the damage already done. As ideas go, this one seems to hold promise.<br \/>\n================================================================<\/p>\n<h1 class=\"legacy\">Using captured CO\u2082 in everyday products could help fight climate change, but will consumers want them?<\/h1>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/400654\/original\/file-20210513-14-1w8n84i.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;rect=0%2C33%2C5615%2C3699&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" \/><figcaption>Consumer decisions could play a critical role in dealing with climate change. A study gauging perceptions was published May 13, 2021.<br \/>\n<span class=\"attribution\"><a class=\"source\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gettyimages.com\/detail\/photo\/plasticware-royalty-free-image\/157684042\">FotographiaBasica via Getty Images<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/lucca-henrion-1143904\">Lucca Henrion<\/a>, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/university-of-michigan-1290\">University of Michigan<\/a><\/em>; <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/joe-arvai-170276\">Joe \u00c1rvai<\/a>, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/usc-dornsife-college-of-letters-arts-and-sciences-2669\">USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences<\/a><\/em>; <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/lauren-lutzke-1223878\">Lauren Lutzke<\/a>, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/usc-dornsife-college-of-letters-arts-and-sciences-2669\">USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences<\/a><\/em>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/volker-sick-1198971\">Volker Sick<\/a>, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/university-of-michigan-1290\">University of Michigan<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Would you drink carbonated beverages made with carbon dioxide captured from the smokestack of a factory or power plant?<\/p>\n<p>How would you feel if that captured carbon dioxide were in your child\u2019s toys, or in the concrete under your house?<\/p>\n<p>The technology to capture climate-warming carbon dioxide emissions from smokestacks, and even from the air around us, already exists; so too does the technology to use this carbon dioxide to make products like plastics, <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/bendable-concrete-and-other-co2-infused-cement-mixes-could-dramatically-cut-global-emissions-152544\">concrete<\/a>, carbonated drinks and even <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lanzatech.com\/\">fuel for aircraft and automobiles<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>That combination \u2013 known as carbon capture and utilization \u2013 could take up <a href=\"https:\/\/deepblue.lib.umich.edu\/handle\/2027.42\/150624\">billions of tons of carbon dioxide emissions<\/a> if the technologies were adopted across a range of sectors worldwide.<\/p>\n<p>But for that to happen, the public will have to accept these new products. Will they? That\u2019s a question we have been exploring <a href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/citations?user=7SBLujMAAAAJ&amp;hl=en\">as engineers<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/citations?user=EcnJeAsAAAAJ&amp;hl=en\">who work on carbon capture technologies<\/a> and as <a href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/citations?user=14vWTQcAAAAJ&amp;hl=en\">social<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/citations?user=oNPz5m0AAAAJ&amp;hl=en\">psychologists<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>One key to success: CCU adds economic value<\/h2>\n<p>Studies show that to stabilize the climate by 2050, the world will have to do more than just stop greenhouse emissions. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalacademies.org\/news\/2021\/03\/science-academies-of-g-7-nations-call-for-action-to-reach-net-zero-emissions-reverse-declines-in-biodiversity-and-improve-data-sharing-to-prepare-for-future-health-emergencies\">It also will have to remove huge amounts<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ipcc.ch\/sr15\/chapter\/spm\/\">of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere<\/a>. Trees, soils and oceans naturally store some carbon dioxide, but human activities produce <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1710465114\">about five times<\/a> more than nature can handle.<\/p>\n<p>That\u2019s why technologies that can reuse carbon dioxide to avoid fossil fuel use \u2013 or even better, lock it away in long-lived products like cement \u2013 are essential.<\/p>\n<p>The key to carbon capture and utilitization\u2019s potential is that these products have economic value. That value can give companies the incentive to deploy the technology at the global scale necessary to slow climate change.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"align-center \"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/395405\/original\/file-20210416-20-1155ilu.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" sizes=\"(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/395405\/original\/file-20210416-20-1155ilu.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=393&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/395405\/original\/file-20210416-20-1155ilu.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=393&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/395405\/original\/file-20210416-20-1155ilu.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=393&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/395405\/original\/file-20210416-20-1155ilu.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=493&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/395405\/original\/file-20210416-20-1155ilu.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=493&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/395405\/original\/file-20210416-20-1155ilu.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=493&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w\" alt=\"\" \/><figcaption><span class=\"caption\">Carbon capture technology is used to stop emissions at the source, particularly in industries like steel and cement production that have high emissions.<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"attribution\"><span class=\"source\">Svante<\/span><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Carbon capture technology itself isn\u2019t new. Initially, captured carbon dioxide was used to force oil and gas out of old wells. Once emissions are captured, typically from an industrial smokestack via a complex chemical filter, they can be pumped deep underground and stored in depleted oil reservoirs or porous rock formations. That keeps the carbon dioxide from reaching the atmosphere, where it can contribute to climate change.<\/p>\n<p>But storing carbon dioxide in the ground doesn\u2019t create a new product. The absence of an economic return \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijggc.2014.03.007\">coupled with concerns about storing carbon dioxide underground<\/a> have slowed the adoption of the technology in most countries.<\/p>\n<h2>How do people feel about carbon dioxide-based products?<\/h2>\n<p>For many products made with captured carbon dioxide, success will depend on whether the public accepts them.<\/p>\n<p>Two of us recently conducted <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10584-021-03110-3\">one of the first large-scale studies<\/a> to examine public perception of carbon dioxide-based products in the U.S. to find out. We asked over 2,000 survey participants if they would be willing to consume or use various carbon dioxide-based products, including carbonated beverages, plastic food storage containers, furniture made with foam or plastic, and shatterproof glass.<\/p>\n<p>We found that most people knew little about carbon capture and use. However, 69% were open to the idea after learning how it worked and how it helped reduce the emissions contributing to climate change.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"soRKb\" class=\"tc-infographic-datawrapper\" style=\"border: none;\" src=\"https:\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/soRKb\/3\/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"400px\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<figure class=\"align-center \"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/395557\/original\/file-20210417-13-1f3fcmx.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" sizes=\"(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/395557\/original\/file-20210417-13-1f3fcmx.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=332&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/395557\/original\/file-20210417-13-1f3fcmx.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=332&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/395557\/original\/file-20210417-13-1f3fcmx.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=332&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/395557\/original\/file-20210417-13-1f3fcmx.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=418&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/395557\/original\/file-20210417-13-1f3fcmx.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=418&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/395557\/original\/file-20210417-13-1f3fcmx.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=418&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w\" alt=\"\" \/><figcaption><span class=\"caption\">Participants in the survey were shown illustrations explaining carbon dixoide-based products.<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"attribution\"><span class=\"source\">Lauren Lutzke\/University of Southern California<\/span><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>There was one exception when we asked about different types of products people might be willing to use: Fewer people \u2013 only 56% \u2013 were open to the idea of using captured carbon dioxide in carbonated beverages.<\/p>\n<p>Safety was a concern for many people in the survey. One-third didn\u2019t know if these products might pose a health risk, and others thought they would. It\u2019s important to understand that products made with captured carbon dioxide are subject to the same <a href=\"https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cdrh\/cfdocs\/cfcfr\/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=184.1240\">safety regulations<\/a> as traditional materials used in food and consumer products. This includes filtering out unwanted pollutants in the flue gas before using the carbon dioxide in carbonated beverages or plastics.<\/p>\n<p>When carbon dioxide is used as a raw material, it becomes chemically stable once it is used to create a product, meaning carbon dixoide used to create plastic will not turn back into a gas on its own.<\/p>\n<p>What people may not realize is that the majority of carbon dioxide currently used nationwide is already a fossil fuel byproduct from the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/rrapier\/2020\/06\/06\/estimating-the-carbon-footprint-of-hydrogen-production\/?sh=517d415f24bd\">steam-methane reforming process<\/a>. This carbon dioxide is used widely for purposes that include making dry ice, performing certain medical procedures and carbonating your favorite soda.<\/p>\n<p>Overall, we found that people were open to using these products, and that trend crossed all ages, levels of education and political ideologies.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"ImbHl\" class=\"tc-infographic-datawrapper\" style=\"border: none;\" src=\"https:\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/ImbHl\/4\/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"400px\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Carbon capture and use already has <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thirdway.org\/memo\/getting-serious-about-direct-air-capture\">bipartisan support<\/a> in Washington, and the Department of Energy is funding research in carbon management. Bipartisan consumer support could quickly expand its use, creating another way to keep carbon emissions out of the air.<\/p>\n<p>Over <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalco2initiative.org\/evaluation\/\">77 million tons of carbon dioxide<\/a> was captured worldwide in 2020, but use of that carbon dioxide lags behind. One use that is quickly expanding is <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/bendable-concrete-and-other-co2-infused-cement-mixes-could-dramatically-cut-global-emissions-152544\">using carbon dioxide to cure, or harden, concrete<\/a>. A company called CarbonCure, for example, has permanently stored over <a href=\"https:\/\/www.carboncure.com\/\">90,000 tons<\/a> of captured carbon dioxide in concrete to date.<\/p>\n<p>Recently, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lanzatech.com\/2021\/04\/21\/unilever-lanzatech-and-india-glycols-ltd-launch-worlds-first-laundry-capsule-in-market-made-from-industrial-carbon-emissions\/\">Unilever and partners<\/a> piloted replacing fossil-based ethanol with carbon dioxide-based ethanol for manufacturing laundry detergent, significantly reducing the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/286234884_Life_Cycle_Assessments_of_LanzaTech_Ethanol_Production_Anticipated_Greenhouse_Gas_Emissions_for_Cellulosic_and_Waste_Gas_Feedstocks\">associated ethanol emissions<\/a>. Both are cost-competitive methods to capture and use carbon dioxide, and they demonstrate why carbon capture and use could be the most market-friendly way to remove carbon dioxide on a large scale.<\/p>\n<h2>How innovators can improve public perception<\/h2>\n<p>Some emerging technologies could help address the perceived risks of ingesting carbon captured from industrial emissions.<\/p>\n<p>For example, a Coca-Cola subsidiary is piloting a project in which <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenbiz.com\/article\/coca-cola-bottler-experiments-turning-emissions-effervescence\">carbon dioxide is captured directly from ambient air using direct air carbon capture technology<\/a> and then used in drinks. Although it\u2019s currently expensive, the costs of direct air carbon capture are expected to fall as it is used more widely, and its use could reduce people\u2019s concerns about health risks.<\/p>\n<p>The most important steps may be educating the public about the process and the value of carbon dioxide-based products. Companies can alleviate concerns by being open about how they use carbon dioxide, why their products are safe and the benefits they hold for the climate.<!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important;\" src=\"https:\/\/counter.theconversation.com\/content\/158683\/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" \/><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https:\/\/theconversation.com\/republishing-guidelines --><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/lucca-henrion-1143904\">Lucca Henrion<\/a>, Research Fellow at the Global CO2 Initiative, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/university-of-michigan-1290\">University of Michigan<\/a><\/em>; <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/joe-arvai-170276\">Joe \u00c1rvai<\/a>, Dana and David Dornsife Professor of Psychology and Director of the Wrigley Institute for Environmental Studies, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/usc-dornsife-college-of-letters-arts-and-sciences-2669\">USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences<\/a><\/em>; <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/lauren-lutzke-1223878\">Lauren Lutzke<\/a>, PhD student, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/usc-dornsife-college-of-letters-arts-and-sciences-2669\">USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences<\/a><\/em>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/volker-sick-1198971\">Volker Sick<\/a>, Arthur F. Thurnau Professor; DTE Energy Professor of Advanced Energy Research; and Director, Global CO2 Initiative, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/university-of-michigan-1290\">University of Michigan<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p>This article is republished from <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\">The Conversation<\/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/using-captured-co-in-everyday-products-could-help-fight-climate-change-but-will-consumers-want-them-158683\">original article<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>================================================================<br \/>\n<strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">Alecto<\/span><\/strong>, <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>Megaera<\/strong><\/span>, and <strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">Tisiphone<\/span><\/strong>, frankly, capturing CO\u2082 sounds pretty good to me, and I particularly like the ability to actually make it useful in things like multiple-use plastics. I love glass, but I&#8217;m such a klutz that most of the time I&#8217;m afraid to use it (my inner cat likes to knock things off of surfaces whether I want to or not.) Actually, shatter-proof glass sounds good too (but they&#8217;ll mostly want that for windshields, and windows onfloors above ground level. I expect.) I wold even be willing to try it in carbonated beverages. But one person does not a market make. We&#8217;ll have to see how it works in real life.Anyone know any entrepreneurs who might be interested?<\/p>\n<p>The Furies and I will be back.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Experts in autocracies have pointed out that it is, unfortunately, easy to slip into normalizing the tyrant, hence it is important to hang on to outrage. These incidents which seem to call for the efforts of the Greek Furies (Erinyes) to come and deal with them will, I hope, help with that. As a reminder, <a href='https:\/\/www.politicsplus.org\/blog\/2021\/05\/29\/everyday-erinyes-268\/' class='excerpt-more'>[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":40593,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[3723,3729],"class_list":["post-43825","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politics","tag-climate-change","tag-furies","category-5-id","post-seq-1","post-parity-odd","meta-position-corners","fix"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.politicsplus.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43825","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.politicsplus.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.politicsplus.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.politicsplus.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.politicsplus.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=43825"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.politicsplus.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43825\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.politicsplus.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40593"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.politicsplus.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=43825"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.politicsplus.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=43825"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.politicsplus.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=43825"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}